Reports the results of a survey conducted in Belarus, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine to investigate current practices in cancer registration and to compare these with practices followed in Western countries. Noting that conditions in the former Soviet Union created gaps in knowledge about how incidence data are collected and recorded, the survey gathered information on current practices in registries operating in urban and rural areas within each country, and in registries operating in regions contaminated with radiation following the 1986 Chernobyl accident. The survey also assessed procedures followed in the statistical reporting of cancer incidence data in national registries.