Host Factors in Human Carcinogenesis

In this volume, aetiological risk factors in rodents for both the above-mentioned tumour types are summarized and evidence for the possible carcinogenic mechanisms involved is discussed. For rodent gastric neuroendocrine tumours, this was done in the context of what is known concerning the corresponding human tumours. Hypotheses underlying multispecies and species-specific mechanisms are summarized, the applicability of these mechanisms to humans is discussed, and current gaps in our knowledge are highlighted. Finally, for both tumour types, recommendations are presented on how the mechanistic data could be used in overall evaluations of carcinogenicity to humans.